Draft regulation sets out how the European Commission would assess general-purpose AI models and conduct enforcement proceedings under the AI Act.
The European Commission published a draft regulation outlining how it would conduct evaluations and enforcement proceedings for general-purpose AI models under Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, the EU Artificial Intelligence Act.
The proposal, available via the Commission’s “Have Your Say” portal, would establish detailed procedures for evaluating AI models, appointing independent experts, and enforcing compliance, including the potential imposition of fines.
Under the draft, the Commission would be empowered to require providers of general-purpose AI models to grant access for evaluation purposes, including through application programming interfaces, source code, model weights, and infrastructure. Providers would be required to provide such access “in a timely and effective manner” to support the Commission’s assessment objectives.
The regulation would also formalize the role of independent experts. The Commission would select experts through open procedures and assess their independence based on factors such as prior relationships with AI providers. Experts would be required to maintain confidentiality and adhere to information security standards.
In enforcement matters, the draft sets out procedures for opening and closing proceedings against providers of general-purpose AI models. The Commission would be able to initiate proceedings where it suspects violations of the AI Act and, in urgent cases, impose interim measures, including restricting a model’s availability on the market.
The proposal includes procedural safeguards for companies under investigation. Providers would have the right to respond to preliminary findings in writing, with a minimum response period of 14 days. The Commission would also be required to grant access to relevant case files, subject to protections for confidential business information.
The draft introduces limitation periods, including a five-year window for the Commission to impose fines and a separate five-year period for enforcement of penalties.
The regulation has not yet been adopted and reflects preliminary views of Commission services. It is open for feedback through the European Commission’s consultation process until April 9th, 2026.
