The Remote Access Security Act would expand U.S. export controls to cover remote access by foreign persons to advanced AI chips and computing systems, including through cloud services.

The U.S. House of Representatives on Monday passed H.R. 2683, the Remote Access Security Act, a bill designed to prevent foreign adversaries, particularly Chinese entities, from accessing American artificial intelligence chips and advanced compute capabilities through cloud and remote network connections.

Introduced by Representative Michael Lawler (R-N.Y.) in April 2025, the bill would amend the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 to broaden export controls to include the remote access of controlled items by foreign persons via the internet or cloud computing services, even when the items remain physically outside of the United States’ territorial jurisdiction.

Under current law, export controls apply to physical exports, reexports, and in-country transfers of technology and hardware. The bill would explicitly subject remote use, including training artificial intelligence models or accessing high-performance graphics processing units (GPUs) and other controlled chips hosted abroad, to the same licensing requirements and penalties as traditional exports.

The measure passed the House with broad bipartisan support. It was advanced to the Senate and, if approved there, would be sent to the President for signature.

Supporters of the bill, including members of the House Select Committee on the Strategic Competition Between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party, said export-controlled U.S. AI chips have been accessed by Chinese entities through offshore cloud rental arrangements that circumvent existing export rules.

Representative John Moolenaar (R-Mich.), chairman of the House Select Committee on China, said in a statement included with the bill text, “This bill brings our laws into the digital age and makes it clear that cloud compute is subject to U.S. export control law, just like physical chips.”

H.R. 2683 would give the Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security statutory authority to issue licenses and impose penalties for foreign remote access to controlled items, a tool lawmakers said is necessary to ensure U.S. technology does not bolster the capabilities of adversarial nations.